Valve for shearing-machines.



No. 7873241 PATENTED APR. 11, 1905.

' E. H. CARROLL.

VALVE FOR SHEARING MACHINES.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. 3, 1903.

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No. 787,324. PATENTBD APR. 11, 1905.

E. H. CARROLL;

VALVE FOR SHEARING MACHINES. APPLICATION FILED AUG.3,1903. j.:

a SHEETS-SHEET 3.

z I No. 787,324. Patented April 11, 19u5. UNTTED STATES PATENT UEEICE.

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ELBERT H. UAltltULli, OF \\'()l\CES"lCl\, MASSAUH U SETTS, ASSIGNOR TO MORGAN CONSTRUCTION COMPANY, OF \YORUES'LER, MASSACHUSETTS, A (ORPOhA'llON ()F UASSACIIUSETTS.

VALVE FOR SHEARING-IVIACHINES. H

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 787,324, dated April 11, 1905. Original application filed July 8, 1902, Serial No. 114,781. Divided and this application filed August 3, 1903. Serial No. 168,101.

T /I'/H11/ 'I/ "(HI/"PPM and combinations of parts,\vhich will be here- Be it known that l, ELnnu'r H. (Human a inafterdescribed.and pointed outin the claims. citizen of the United States ofAmerica, resid- Referring to the accompanying drawings, 5 3 ing at \Vorcester, in the county of \Vorcester the cylinder 1 is stationed upon the machinef 3 and State of Massachusetts, have invented cerbed 2 in any approved manner and is shown tain new and useful Improvements in Valves on Fig. 1 at about an angle of forty-live defor Shearing-Machines, as set forth in the angrees. The piston 3 is litted within the cylnexed specification. inder and provided with a stem 3 at one end, 55

My invention relates to a valve for shearand to the outer end the cross-head at is se- ,3

1o ing-machines, and this application constitutes cured. The numeral 5 indicates the livea divisional part of the application tiled by steam-supply pipe, and through this a conme July H, 1902, Serial No. 111,781. tinual head of steam is supplied to the outer I In the accompanying drawings, Fignrel is or upper end of the cylinder through port 6. 6o a view showing a side of a steam-shear for The valvebody T is conveniently secured to [5 cutting billets. showing the application of my 1 one side of the cylinder 1, as shown in Fig. 1.

improved valve thereto. Fig. 2 is an enlarged This valve-bmly may be variously constructsectional view of the cylinder and valve-body. ed, but as shown has a general cylindrical Fig. 3 is a vertical section through the valveform externally. Internally it is provided 65 body and valves, on an enlarged scale, on the with several annular llangcs 8, 9, and .10,

line 3 3 of Fig. 2. Figs. 1 and 5 are broken which divide the valve-body into four chamsectional views on the same line, 1 1, of Fig. i bers A, B, C, and 1), respectively, in the or- 1 ","V (ion a much larger scale. Fig. (:3 is an end view der named, beginning at the outer or upper looking into the llanged ring forming a porend. The inner edges of these llanges are 70 tionofthe valvebody. Fig. 7 is adetail view in approximate alinement with one another I of the gage for releasing the trip, and Fig. 8 l and also in alinement with the openings 11 isan enlarged detail view ofthe tripping mechi and 12, formed, respectively, in the opposite 3" anism. ends of the valve-body. Fitted to these in- Similar reference letters and ligurcs refer ner circular edges are the two cylindrical 75 to similar parts in the different views. bushings 13 and 11, which for convenience of 0 The object of my present invention is to acconstruction are of s1iglitly-ditl'ercnt diamecomplish the quick opening of the exhaustter and in the assemblage of parts neccssitatport of the so-called "steam-flying shears ing their being inserted from opposite ends to cause the piston to respond instantly to the I of the valve-body through openings 11 and 0 full expansive force of the head of live steam 19, respectively. The bushings are turned to upon the piston, whereby to impart the retrue cylinders inside and are provided with uuired power to the shears necessary to sever openings v, and into the chambers B, (.1, the billet. and 1), respectively. The opening 11 at the A further object is to keep the distance for outer or upper end of the valve-body is closed 5 steam travel between the valves at a minimum by a head 15 and the opposite or lower end 40 and also to maintain a minimum volume of i by a gland 16, this being bolted or otherwise steam in the connecting-ports. l secured in place and being provided with a Another object is to so construct and incylindrical hub '17, which has a carefullycase the valve mechanism that all parts therei turned outer surface of somewhat less diame- 9 of are kept hot and at a substantially uniform 1 ter than thatof the inner surfaces of the bushtemperature. 1 ings 13 and 11, with which surfaces it is con- \Viththese objects in view myinvention concentric, so that an annular valve-chamber 18 k 1 o I n sists in certain novel features of construction 1 1s termed between said hollow annular hub 17 and the bushings 13 and 14. In this annular chamber the main valve 19 is fitted, it being hollow and cylindrical and of a length somewhat greater than the width of the three chambers B, (J, and D. This main valve is entirely open at its lower end and has a head 20 at its upper end, provided with orifices 21 21 therein. Valve 19 carries suitable packings 22 to make it steam-tight on its outer surface, and the annular hub 17 may also have packings 22 to make the valve run steamtight. The valve also has an annular recess 23 formed circumferentially about its surface, and a port 2 1 ismade from this recess through the valve. Stem 25 extends from the center of the main valve through the head 26 at the lower end of the gland, and on the projecting portion of the stem are mounted the crossplates 27 and 28, the former of which is secured thereto and both of which are loosely mounted and capable of sliding upon guiderods 29 29. These guide-rods have shoulders 30 30, against which the inner loose plate 28 is held by a spiral spring 31, the object of which construction is to form a yielding buffer for the main valve when it reaches its extreme stroke in either direction WVithin the hollow bore ofthe hub 17 of gland 16 there is an enlargement in the metal, which is counterbored to form a cylindrical opening 32, and fitted to this and adapted to slide endwise therein is the hollow cylindrical pilot-valve 33, which is closed at its upper end and open at its lower end and in communication with the interior of the hub 17 and chamber A of the valve-body. This pilot-valve 33 is reduced circumferentially, as at 34, whereby to form an annular recess, and this is adapted to bridge the two live-steam ports 35 and 36 when steam is being admitted into the lower end of the cylinder to force the piston suddenly upward, as is illustrated in Figs. 3 and 1 of the drawings, to force the piston to the position illustrated in Fig. 2, the live steam being permitted, when the piston is in this position and by the pilot-valve, to follow the course indicated by the arrow in Fig. a to impinge against the lower end of the main valve and force the latter into the position indicated in Figs. 3 and 4, so that steam may pass from a pipe 5 from the upper end of the cylinder and thence through opening d, recess 24 in the outer wall of the main valve 19, through opening 0 into chamber C, which is in communication with and supplies the lower end of the cylinder with steam. From the lower end of chamber 18 an exhaust-port 37 leads into the bore 32, in which the pilot-valve 33 slides, and out through this port 37 the steam exhausts when the pilotvalye is moved outward in the direction indicated by the arrow, and when the pilot-valve is in the position shown in Fig. 5 the exhaust from the lower end of the cylinder escapes from chamber B through the opening 5, which has been opened by the movement of the main valve, as shown in Fig. 5, thence into cham= ber A, and out through the discharge-orifice 38. (See Fig. 2.)

Of course it is understood that there is a constant pressure of steam at opposite ends of the recessed portion 23 in the outer wall of the main valve; but the area of the inner or lower end is greater than the area of the-opposite end, so that the valve will in that way be moved inward. This is what causes the inward movement of the main valve when the exhaust-port 37 is opened. The area of the inner or lower end of the main valve 19 is still larger, and hence when live steam enters chamber 18 the valve is forced outward or upward, due to the greater area exposed to the force of the steam. The valve will be moved inward with a sudden impulse until the port 37 is covered and the remaining steam in chamber 18 is compressed sufficiently to balance the pressure in recess 24. The stroke of the main valve 19 after passing over the port 37 is controlled by exhausting the compressed steam from chamber 18 through a needle-valve 40, which can readily be adjusted, as it is obvious that the speed of the main piston 3 is entirely controlled by the stroke of the main valve 19. To regulate the rapidity with which steam is to enter chamber 18 from the lower end of the main valve, a needle-valve 11 is employed, it being set to the position necessary to admit the required amount of steam and at the speed desired.

From the foregoing it will be seen that the pipe 5 is connected with a constant steam-supply, the pipe 5 leading to the port 6 in the casing 1 of the cylinder, which port communicates with another pipe, 5, by means of a passage 5, formed by the upper end of the piston-head 3 and the upper end of the cylinder. Naturally if there is no counter-pressure in the cylinder 1 the pressure of the steam in the passage 5 will force the piston-head downward to operate the shears. From the passage 5' the steam is led to the chamber D, as shown in Fig. 2, whence the steam enters the recessed portion 23 of the main valve 19, thence into chamber C, whence it is led by the passage c back to the cylinder '1 on the opposite side of the piston-head 3. An exhaust-passage B leads from the cylinder 1 to the chamber B in the valve-body 7, which chamber is normally closed by the main valve 19 to prevent the exhaust of steam from the cylinder. WVhen the pilot-valve 33 is operated, however, it uncovers the exhaust-passage 37 from the main-valve chamber 18, permitting the pressure of steam in the recess 23 of the main valve to move the same and uncover the chamber B to permit the exhaust of steam from the lower end of cylinder 1 and simultaneously cut off the supply of steam to the cylinder by closing port 0, leading to the chamber C in the valve-body. The movement of the pilot-valve also shuts off the supply of steam to the valve-chamber l8. ith' the opening of the chamber B the exhaust-passage B of the cyl haust-port 3b of the valve-body to permit the reduction of pressure in the cylinder and allow the pressure which is now practically locked in the passage to move the piston-head 3 downward to operate the shears. of the pilot-valve to normal position reconinder is placed in communication with the ex- The return through passage 536, reduced portion 34, passage 35, port 2%, recess 23, port (I, and chamber 1,), whereby the main valve is operated to close the exhaustmssage B and connect chamber U with chamber l) to admit steam below the piston-head 3 to force the latter back into the position shown in Fig. 2.

The main valve is under the control of mechanism which will now be described.

A carriage $5 is adjustably mounted on a suitably-supported rail -L5"adjacentthe shears To To, the carriage having a gage a5 pivotally mounted intermediate its ends thereto. One end of the gage extends into the path of a moving billet suitably supported on rollers, as shown in Fig. 7. The gage is adjusted a predetermined distance from the shears and is operated by the engagement of the billet therewith, the movement of the gage operating to cause the movement of the piston through a train of mechanisms, and thus cause the shears to cutthe billet. The gage is therefore swung upon its support 4:7, and one end thereof is normally retained in position across the path of movement of the billet by means of the spring to, connecting the arm 75 of the gage. which arm is pivotally secured to the carriage at J, and the bracket 76, rigidly secured to the carriage and projecting therefrom, as shown. A flexible connection to exnects the chamber 18 with the steam-supply i tends tautly between the free end of the arm T5 and the arm 51, suitably journaled in a bracket 81) on the valve-body T. The engage- I ment of the billet with the gage moves the latter against the tension of the spring TS and slackens the flexible connection $9, which permits a spring 50, weaker than is spring :8, to swing the arm 5i, one end of the spring being secured to the outer end of the arm 51 and the opposite end of the spring being adjustably connected with a suitable support.

The arm is provided at its inner end with a linger 52, adapted to engage the outer end of a pivotally-mounted trip 53, which trip is normally held against a lug 59, carried by a stop 57, by means of the spring 58, adjustably connectml to the bracket 80 at its outer end. The stop 57 is preferably pivoted on the same support 57 with the trip the lug 59 being located at one end of the stop, the opposite end of the stop being held, by meansofan adjustable spring 5T, in engagement with a shoulder on the stem 56 of the pilot-valve to retain the latter in one position against the action of a spring 60. The pivotal support of l the trip will allow the linger 52 to sweep past its outer end should the linger ever drop to a position therebelow, owing to the movement imparted thereto by the spring 50. It will be seen thattheretractile action of the spring 50 will cause the finger to smartly impinge against the trip 53, which through the lug 59 will raise the stop 57 and permit the stiff spring 60 to force the stem 56 of the pilot-valve outwardly or upwardly, the stem carrying a cushioning-cup 61, which engages the abutment 61*, against which one end of the spring (50 bears. This is the initial action of the valve mechanism prior and preparatory to the downward movement of the piston 3 in the opcr- 8o ation of the shears, as heretofore described.

The cross-head 4, carried at the upper end of piston 2, is connected to the shears by means of the links 62 62. To cause the return or resetting of the pilot-valve to the position indicated in Figs. 3 and a of the drawings, an arm 63 is provided, which arm is fulcrumed intermediate its length, as at 6%, the inner end of the arm being bifurcated, as at 65, to embrace or straddle and engage the 0 valve-stem 56. The inner end 65 is caused to swing inwardly to engage a shoulder on the valve-stem 56 and force the valve back to its normal position against the action of the adjustable spring 7% by means of a rod 65'. the lower end of which is connected with the outer end of the lever 63, while the upper end of the rod 65 is pivotally secured to a man uallyactuated crank 66, capable of bein 'setatdif- 'ferent radial positions on a dial (it, provided IOO with a series of apertures 8 (38 for the purpose of adjusting the throw or are of movement to be given the lever (33, the outer end of the crank 60 carrying a pin 81, receivable in any one of the apertures (SS 68, the upper I05 end of the rod 65 being secured to the outer end of the pin. The dial is secured on a rockshaft (59, carried in a bracket 70. (See Fig. 2.) On the inner end of rock-shaft (39 an arm 71 is secured, which arm is connected by a link 10 72 to an arm 73, carried by the cross-head 4-. The operation may be briefly explained as follows: \Vhen the billet has reached the desired position to be cut. it strikes the gage 4E5, rocking it out of its normal position, causing 5 the trip 53 to release the pilot-valve, as explained, the spring (31) operating to throw the pilot-valve outward or upward, opening the port 37 in chamber 18 and permitting the steam to exhaust therefrom into chamber A I20 and thence out through the exhaust-port 38. The valve 19 descending uncovers opening allowing the exhaust-steam in the lower end of the cylinder 1 to escape and the pistonhead 3, upon the upper end of which a full 5 head of steam is being supplied, to rapidly. descend and by so doing cause the operation of the shears. Thedescent of the piston also causes the rod 65' to raise the arm 65, forcing the rod 56 back to its normal position, the 3 trip automatically engaging shoulder 55 and locking the pilot-valve in its inner position owing to the tension of spring 54, as shown in Figs. 3 and 4, which movement of the pilotvalve establishes communication through ports 35 and 36 and the lower end of chamber 18, letting steam into the latter to force the main valve 19 upward to the position shown in Figs. 3 and 4:, and also closing the exhaust-port B, leading into chamber A, and allows live steam to pass from pipe 5 into chamber D, thence through opening (Z into the circumferential recess 23 in the outer wall of main valve 19,

thence out through the opening 0 in the bushing into chamber C, and from that chamber into the lower end of the cylinder to raise the piston.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. In a shearing-machine, the combination with a piston and valve mechanism, the latter provided with a pilot-valve, of means forretaining the valve at one limit of its movement, mechanical means normally held under tension by the valve-retaining means and constantly tending to move the pilot-valve to its opposite limit: of movement, a billet-operated tripping means for releasing the retaining.

means and means for subsequently engaging and returning the pilot-valve to its first position.

2. In a shearing-machine, the combination with a piston and cylinder, a valve mechanism, and a pilot-valve controlling the valve mechanism, of a rail, a carriage adjustably supported on the rail, and remaining stationary at the point to which it is adjusted, a gage pivotally mounted on the carriage, and normally lying in the path of the billets, a stop for retaining the pilot-valve in one position, means tending to move the valve to its opposite position, tripping means for releasing the valve, means connecting the gage and tripping machanism and means for returning the valve to its first position.

3. In a shearing-machine, the combination with a valve machanism, and a pilot-valve controlling the same, of a pivotally-mounted stop adapted to engage and retain the pilotvalve at one limit of its movement, adjustable tension means for bringing the stop into engagement with the valve, tension means constantly tending to move the valve to its opposite limit of movement and tripping mechanism for removing the stop from engagement with the valve.

4. In a shearing-machine, the combination with a valve mechanism, and a pilot-valve controlling the same, of a suitably-supported stud, a stop pivotally mounted on the stud, one end of the stop adapted to engage and retain the valve in one position, means constantly tending to move the valve to'its 0pposite position, a lug projecting from the opposite end of the stop, a trip pivotally mounted on the stud and abutting the lug, billetactuated means for impinging against the trip to release the stop and subsequently-operated means for automatically returning the valve to normal position.

5. In a shearing mechanism operated by a piston, the combination with a valve mechanism and a pilot-valve controlling the same, of means for normally retaining the valve at one limit of its movement, means constantly tending to move the valve in the opposite direction, billet-operated tripping means for releasing the retaining means, a pivoted bifurcated lever engaging the pilot-valve, and means actuated by the piston for operating the lever to return the pilot-valve to normal position.

6. Ina shearing-machine, the combination with a cylinder and piston, a valve mechanism and a pilot-valve, of means for normally re' taining the pilot-valve at one limit of its movement, means constantly tending to actuate the pil t-valve to its opposite limit of movement, billet-operated tripping means for releasing the valve, a lever for returning the valve to normal position, adjustable tension means secured to the lever for adjusting and retaining the latter with relation to the valve to regulate the throw of the lever, and means operated by the piston for actuating the lever.

7 In a shearing-machine, the combination with a cylinder and piston, a valve mechanism and a pilot-valve, of means for normally retaining the pilot-Value at one limit of its movement, means constantly tending to move the valve to its opposite limit of movement, tripping means for releasing the retaining means, a lever for returning the valve to its normal position, a rotatable recessed plate, a rod connecting the lever to the plate, and link mechanism connecting the plate and piston to automatically operate the lever.

8. In a shearing-machine, the combination with a piston, of a pilot-valve normally retained against tension in one position, means for tripping the retaining means, a lever for returning the valve to normal position, an adjustable spring secured to the lever, means for adjusting the throw of the lever and means connecting the throw-adjusting means and the piston forautomatically operating the lever.

9. In a shearing-machine, the combination with a valve mechanism and a pilot-valve controlling the same, of a shouldered stem secured to the pilot-valve, an abutment through which thestem is slidingly received, means for normally retaining the valve at one limit of its movement, means for tripping the retaining means, a means constantly tending to move the valve to its opposite limit, a cushioning means carried by the valve-stem and engaging the abutment and means for returning the valve to normal position.

10. In a shearing-machine, the combination l with a piston, intermediate mechanism, and a pilot-valve controlling the same, of means for normally retaining the pilot-valve at one limit of its movement, billet-operated means for tripping the retaining means, means constantly tending to actuate the valve to its opposite limit of movement. a lever adapted to engage the valve, a snitably-journaled shaft, a rotatable perforated plate carried by the shaft, link-connected cranks carried by the shaft and piston, a rod connected at one end to the lever, a manually-operated crank pivotally secured to the plate, a pin carried by the outer end of the crank, one end of the pin receivable in any one of the perforations in the plate, the opposite end of the rod secured to the free end of the pin.

11. In a shearing-machine, the combination with a valve mechanism and a pilot-valve controlling the same, of a stop for retaining the valve at one limit of its movement, a lever for releasing the stop and valve, a gage-earriage located in approximate alinement with the shears, an arm pivotally mounted on the gage-carriage, a gage carried by the arm and extending into the path of a billet, a projecting bracket secured to the carriage, a spring connectingthe bracket and arm for yieldingly retaining the gage in the path of the billet and means connecting the lever and arm for operating the former.

1!. In a shearirig-machine, the combination with a valve mechanism, and a pilot-valve controlling the same, the pilot-valve provided with a stem, of a stop for locking the pilotvalve at one limit of its movement, billet-op erated means for releasing the valve, a suitably-supported lever, one end of which is bifurcated and loosely embraces the valve-stem intermediate its ends, the opposite end of the lever being perforated, a rod passing loosely through the perforation in the lever, an enlargement on the lower end of the rod, means for adjusting the rod relative to the lever and means for operating the rod.

13. In a shearingmachine, the combination with a piston, valve mechanism controlling the movement of the piston and a pilot-valve controlling the valve mechanism, of a stop for engaging and retaining the valve-stem at one limit of movement, a billet-operated means for releasing the engagement of the stop and valve-stem, a snitably-pivoted lever, one end of which loosely engages the valve-stem, the opposite end of the lever being perforated, a rod passing loosely through the perforation, an enlargement on the rod for engaging the lever, a crank to which the rod is secured, a rotatable disk with which the crank is adjustably connected, and means for operating the disk.

14C. The combination in a shcaring-machine, with a pair of shears, a piston for operating one of the shears, a valve mechanism controlling the movement of the piston and a pilotvalve governing the valve mechanism, of means for retaining the pilot-valve in one position against its normal tendency, billet-operated means for causing the release of the valve, a suitably-pivoted lever, one end of which loosely engages the valve, a rod loosely connected with the opposite end of the lever, an oscillatory member, means connecting the member and the piston for operating the former, a crank-arm to which the rod is connected and means for adjustably connecting the crank-arm and the oscillatory member for regulating the throw of the lever.

In testimony whereof .l have hereunto signed my name in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

ELBERT ll. CARROLL.

\Vitncsses:

HENRY \Voop Fowmcn, PENELOPE Cmnmi-maon. 

